A felony is a serious criminal offense that is generally punishable by more than one year in prison. Jurisdictions may divide felonies into classes or levels based on the seriousness of the crime and the potential punishment.

A felony is more serious than a Misdemeanor, and that distinction often affects charging, sentencing, collateral consequences, and procedural rights.

Felony Explained

Cornell Wex explains that a felony is a type of criminal offense and notes that many jurisdictions classify felonies according to the maximum authorized punishment. The Department of Justice glossary gives the simpler working definition that a felony is a crime carrying a penalty of more than a year in prison.

The Term Felony in Different Legal Contexts

Felonies include a wide range of offenses, from violent crimes and major drug offenses to certain financial and property crimes. The exact classification rules vary by jurisdiction, and some systems use lettered or numbered felony classes while others define penalties offense by offense.

Being charged with or convicted of a felony can affect voting rights, firearm rights, immigration status, employment opportunities, professional licensing, and other legal consequences beyond the sentence itself.

Common Misconceptions About the Meaning of Felony

A common misconception is that every felony is violent. Many felonies are nonviolent, even though they still carry serious potential punishment and consequences.

Another misconception is that the term felony means exactly the same thing in every state. Jurisdictions often define categories and penalties differently, even while sharing the general idea of a more serious crime.